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City of Boston
 
 

The City of Boston, Massachusetts, is the home to the Boston Red Sox a Major League Baseball team and several other sports franchises; Boston Celtics (National Basketball Association), Boston Bruins (National Hockey League) and the Boston Cannons (Major League Lacrosse). Boston is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts in the United States. It is the unofficial capital of the region known as New England. It is also one of the oldest and wealthiest cities in the United States, with an economy based on education, health care, finance, and high technology. Its nicknames include "Beantown", "The Hub" (shortened from Oliver Wendell Holmes's phrase The Hub of the Universe), and The Athens of America, due to its great influence on cultural, intellectual, and political matters. As of the 2000 census, its population was 589,141. The Greater Boston metropolitan area, including nearby cities like Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline, has about 5.7 million residents. Boston is the county seat of Suffolk County. It is located at 42°20'N, 71°W. Founded on September 17, 1630, on a peninsula called Shawmut by the Native Americans who lived there, Boston is named after Boston, England, a town in Lincolnshire from which several prominent colonists originated. Early colonists believed that Boston was a community with a special covenant with God. Winthrop's sermon, "a City upon a Hill," captured this idea, which influenced every facet of Boston life, and made it imperative that colonists legislate morality, enforce marriage, enforce church attendance, enforce education in the Word of God, and enforce the persecution of sinners. These values molded an extremely stable and well-structured society in Boston. Puritan values of hard work, moral uprightness, and education remain a part of Boston's culture. On June 1, 1660, Mary Dyer was hanged on Boston Common for repeatedly defying a law banning Quakers from the colony. She is considered to be the last religious martyr in North America. On March 20, 1760 the "Great Fire" of Boston destroyed 349 buildings. Boston played a key role in the American Revolutionary War. The Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and several of the early battles of the revolutionary war (such as the Battle of Lexington and Concord, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston) occurred near the city. During this period, Paul Revere made his famous ride. As a result Boston is known as the Cradle of Liberty and historic sites remain a popular tourist draw to this day. After the revolutionary war, the city became one of the world's wealthiest international trading ports, exporting products such as rum, fish, salt and tobacco. It was chartered as a city in 1822, and by the mid-1800s it was one of the largest manufacturing centers in the nation noted for its garment, leather goods, and machinery industries. As of 2004, the city is in the final stages of a massive construction project called the Big Dig. Planned and approved in the 1980s under Massachusetts governor Michael Dukakis, with construction beginning in 1991, the Big Dig moved a jumble of elevated highway routes underground, produced the Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge, and will create over 70 acres of public parks in the heart of the city. The Big Dig should ease Boston's notorious traffic congestion; however, it is now the most expensive construction project in United States history, and currently the most expensive construction project in the world. On March 18, 1990, the largest art theft in modern history occurred in Boston. 12 paintings, collectively worth over $100 million, were stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum by two thieves posing as police officers. As of 2004 these paintings have not been recovered. Boston's colleges and universities have drawn high tech industries to the city, including computer hardware and software companies like EMC Corporation which is headquartered in Hopkinton and Akamai, headquartered in nearby Cambridge, as well as biotechnology companies like Millennium Pharmaceuticals and Biogen Idec. Other important industries include financial services especially mutual funds and insurance. Shoe and athletic apparel maker Reebok is headquartered in nearby Canton. Raytheon has its global headquarters in nearby Waltham, while Novell also has its corporate headquarters there. Boston Scientific is located in Natick, and Gillette is headquartered in Boston. This following movies were filmed in Boston; What's the Worst That Could Happen?, Mystic River, Good Will Hunting, Fever Pitch, The Boondock Saints, Blown Away and Still We Believe: The Boston Red Sox Movie. Boston has it's fair share of Famous People; Aerosmith, Charles Bulfinch, Bobby Brown, John Quincy Adams, Dick Dale, John F. Kennedy, Robert Kennedy, Anthony Michael Hall, Benjamin Franklin, John Kerry, Louis Sullivan, Sylvia Plath, Leonard Nimoy, Will McDonough, Barbara Walters, Edgar Allan Poe, Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., Michael Dukakis, Norm Crosby, Mary Dyer and Samuel Adams.

 
     
 
 
 
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